Biotechnology

Biotechnology term given by Karl Ereky.

Biotechnology deal with technique of using live organisms or enzymes from to produce product and process useful to humans.

 Iinterrogation of natural science and organism, cells,parts there of and molecular analogue for product and service.

Principales of Biotechnology

Two core techniques of modern biotechnology

(1).   Genetic engineering

(2).    Boiprocess Technology

Genetic engineering :-technique to alter the chemistry of genetic material, to introduce these into host organism and those change the phenotype of the host of organisms.

Boiprocess Technology :-chemical engineering process to enable growth of only the desired microbes  in a large quantity for the manufacture of biotechnological product  like antibiotics, vaccine, enzymes etc.

Outcome of genetic engineering was two very significant discovery made in bacterial research.

There there

• (1) plasmid

Presence of extrachromosomal DNA fragment.

• (2) restriction endonuclease

It is a  enzymes which cut DNA at a specific site ,it also called molecular scissors.

Main basis of recombinant DNA technology is DNA cloning

 there are three basics step of DNA cloning.

(1) identification of desired gene.

(2) introduction of the identified DNA into host

(3) maintain of introduce DNA into the host and transfer of the DNA to its progeny.

Tools of recombinant DNA technology 

biological tools used in synthesis of recombinant DNA include 

enzymes 

vehicle or vector DNA,

 desire DNA and 

host cells.