Cockroach (Morphology, Anatomy)
- Cockroach are brown or black body animals.
- Cockroach belong to phylum arthropoda.
- Cockroach are also bright yellow, red and green coloured are found in tropical region.
- Size of cockroach 1/4 inch to 3 inchs (0.6 - 7.6 )cm.
- Nocturnal omnivores.
- Live in damp palace
- Morphology
- Species of cockroach periplaneta Americana.
- Cockroach of body divisible into three regions head ,thorax and abdomen
- Entire body is covered by hard chitinous exoskeleton (brown in colour).
- Exoskeleton has hardened plates called Sclerites.
- Head is triangular in shape.
- Head is fusion of 6 segments and so great mobility on all direction.
- Antenna help in monitoring environment.
- Head bear mouth parts for biting and chewing.
- Mouth part consists of labium(lower lip),labrum(upper lip),a pair of mandibles and maxillae.
- Thorax consists of three parts prothorax ,mesothorax, and metathorax.
- First pair of wings arise from mesothorax.
- Second pair of arise from metathorax.
- Four wings called tegmina(opaque dark and leathery).
- Hind wings are transparent, membranous ( used in flight)
- Abdomen in male and female consists of 10th segments.
- In female the 7th sternum is boat shape.
- Male bear pair of short thread like anal styles which are absent in females.
- In both sex 10th segment bear a pair of jointed filamentous structure called a Anal cerci.
- Anatomy
- Alimentary canal present in the body cavity.
- Body Cavity divided into three regions forget, midgut and hindgut.
- Mouth opens into sac like structure called crop (used for storing of food.)
- Crop is followed by gizzard.
- Teeth are present in gizzard 6 highly chitinous plates.
- Gizzard help in grinding of food particles.
- Foregut is lined by cuticle.
- 6-8 blind tubules called haptic(present at junction foregut and midgut), secret digestive juices.
- Excretory system.
- Malpighian tubules(100- 150) are present at junction of midgut and hindgut.
- Malpighian tubules removal of excretory products from haemolymph.
- Blood vascular system of cockroach is an open type.
- Hemolymph is composed of colourless plasma and haemocytes.
- Respiratory system.
- respiratory system consists of network of trachea that opens in pairs of small holes called spiracle
- Absorb nitrogen waste product and convert into uric acid.
- Insect is called uricotellic
- Brain is represented by Supra - oesophageal ganglion.
- Eye consists of 2000 hexagonal ommatidia.
- Cockroach of vision is mosaic vision with more sensitivity but less resolution.
- Cockroach are dioecious.
- Mushroom shaped gland is present in the 6th - 7th Abdominal segment which function in accessory reproductive gland.
- Ootheca is a dark reddish to blackish brown capsule.
- Nymph grow by moulting about 13 times.
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