Extension efforts in pre independence program

1. Sriniketan project 
2. Gurgaon experiment
3.  sevagram
4. Marthandam project
5.  firka development project

Sriniketan project

In 1908 Shri Rabindranath Tagore under his scheme of rural development work started youth organisation in the village of his zamindar.

Objective

1.  to create real interest in people for rural welfare work
2. To study rural problem and translate into action
3.  to help villages develop their resources
4. To improve village sanitation

Method to achieve objective

1. Creating a spirit of self help
2. Developing village leadership
3. Organising village scorts called BratiBalika.

Gurgaon experiment.

rural upliftment on a mass scale was first started by Mr F I Brayne commissioner in the Gurgaon district of Punjab in 1920.

Objective

1. To increase agriculture production
2. to stop wastage of money on social and religious function
3. To improve health standard of people
4. To organise welfare programme.

Sevagram.

Started by MK Gandhi in 1921 in sevagram Gujara

Principal

1. Self help
2. Dignity of labour
3. Self respect
4. Truth and nonviolence

Activity

1.  use of khadi cloth
2. Sanitation program
3. Women welfare
4. Upliftment of backward classes
5. Primary and adult education
6. Improvement of condition of poor people

Marthandam project

Started by Dr. Spencer hatch in 1921 at Trivandrum.

 this program was made with agreement with YMCA.

Principal

1. Self help and cooperation
2. Opening the demonstration centre
3. Helping people to help in their own work.

Firka development program

it was launched in 1946. 

Biggest project before independence.

 launched in Madras State.

Objective

1. All round development of rural people.
2. Introduction and development of khadi and cottage industries.
3. Formation of Panchayat and organisation of cooperatives.
4. Preparation of short term plan for rural development communication and water supply.